You Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Speech (yán) Kangxi Strokes: 19 Page 1181, Entry 14 Pronounced jī. Shuowen Jiezi (Shuowen): To slander. Zengyun (Augmented Rhymes): To mock or ridicule. Zuo Zhuan (Zuo Commentary): The record refers to the Earl of Zheng mocking the lack of instruction. Ban Gu, Dian Yin (Introductory Essays): Sima Qian wrote his books using subtle prose to ridicule and criticize, disparaging the contemporary age. Also, Guangya (Expanded Glossaries): To ask. Zengyun (Augmented Rhymes): To spy or inspect. Book of Rites (Liji), Royal Regulations: At mountain passes, officers exercise prohibitions to inspect, forbid non-standard clothing, and recognize non-standard speech. Annotation: To inspect and examine. Also, Guangya (Expanded Glossaries): To remonstrate. Yupian (Jade Chapters): To dislike or suspect. Guangyun (Expanded Rhymes): To reproach or blame. Also an official title. History of Jin (Jinshi), Treatise on Officials: The Inspectorate for Subversion was in charge of monitoring and investigating treason and deceit. Also, Yunhui (Collection of Rhymes): Interchanged with the character pronounced jī. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Earth Officials, Officer of the Passes: When there is famine or plague in the state, do not collect taxes at the gates, yet still maintain oversight. Annotation: Maintaining oversight means there are no taxes, yet still strictly examining to prevent villains from entering or exiting.