Chen Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Lack (qiàn) Character: qian Kangxi strokes: 4 Page 565, Entry 01 Ancient form. Pronounced qian (falling tone). Shuowen Jiezi (Shuowen): Written as qian, the appearance of opening the mouth to yawn. It resembles the shape of breath being exhaled from the upper part of a person. Xu said: When a person yawns, it is a way of seeking relief. When breath is blocked and not flowing freely, it is relieved through yawning. Han Yu, Reading Eastern Fangshuo Miscellaneous Matters Poem: Yawning can create a whirlwind. Also refers to yawning and stretching, the appearance of exhaustion. When a person lacks sufficient breath, they yawn; when the body is tired, it stretches. Book of Rites (Liji), Qu Li: If one is sitting in attendance next to a superior, and the superior yawns and stretches, the attendant should request to withdraw. It is also written as qianshen. History of the Former Han (Qian Hanshu), Biography of Yi Feng: When the body is uncomfortable, one will yawn and stretch, which is displayed on the face. Also refers to insufficiency. Han Yu, Poem Presented to Zhang Ji: Now I truly feel fortunate; there is nothing lacking in what I desire in my heart. Also refers to the name of a river in Runan. Commentary on the Water Classic (Shuijing Zhu): The Sha River divides into two streams toward the east, one of which flows east; this is the Zhu River. It is commonly referred to as the Qian River. The character qian is written with the component san above the character er. Textual research: In the Biography of Yi Feng in the History of the Former Han, the text states that when the body is uncomfortable, one will yawn and stretch, which is displayed on the face. I have followed the original text to change the character shen (stretch) to shen (extend).