Wu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Field (tián) Kangxi Strokes: 5 Page 758, Entry 04 Ancient texts record: Tang Yun and Jiyun state the pronunciation is shen, and Yunhui and Zhengyun state the pronunciation is shen, identical to the pronunciation of shen. It is one of the twelve earthly branches. Erya, Explanation of Heaven (Erya Shitian) states: When the Grand Duke Jupiter reaches the year of Shen, it is called tuntan. Shiming explains: Shen means body. All things have grown, each stretching its body, restraining itself to become complete and mature. Records of the Grand Historian, Treatise on Musical Pitch (Shiji Lushu) records: Shen corresponds to the seventh lunar month. In terms of musical pitch, it corresponds to yize, and within the twelve earthly branches, it is Shen. Shen means that the yin energy begins to take effect, restraining all things. It also means to repeat or again. Book of Changes (Yijing) mentions repeatedly stating the order. Classic of History, Canon of Yao (Shangshu Yaodian) contains the phrase to repeat the order to Xishu. The Commentary (Zhuan) explains: Shen means to reiterate or again. History of the Later Han, Biography of Zhu Hui (Houhanshu Zhuhui Zhuan) writes: I hope the general will examine my humble opinion and adopt and reiterate the views of the scholars. It also means to express or state. Book of Rites, Suburban Sacrifice (Liji Jiaotesheng) says: The high official holds a jade tablet while on a mission, which is used to state his sincerity. It also means to stretch or extend. Inscription on the Bow of King Wu (Wuwang Gongming) writes: The principle of bending and stretching, the changes of decline and prosperity, do not forget to reflect on one's own faults. Ban Biao, Northern Expedition Rhapsody (Beizheng Fu) says: Whether acting or resting, bending or stretching, one must adapt to the times. It also refers to yawning or stretching. Zhuangzi, Ke Yi (Zhuangzi Keyi) describes health-preserving movements: Like a bear climbing and hanging, like a bird stretching. Boyu explains: Shenshen is the appearance of a peaceful and composed countenance. The Analects (Lunyu) says: When Confucius was at leisure, his expression was peaceful and relaxed. Zhu's commentary says: Shenshen refers to his appearance being relaxed and comfortable. It is also a surname. Records of the Grand Historian, Annals of the Three Sovereigns (Shiji Sanhuang Benji) records: The Shennong clan ruled for five hundred and thirty years, after which the Xuanyuan clan arose; his descendants included the states of Zhou, Fu, Shen, and Lu, all of whom were descendants of the Jiang clan and became feudal lords. There is also the compound surname Shentu. It is also a name of a state. Book of Odes (Shijing) says: That man does not go with me to garrison the state of Shen. The Commentary (Zhuan) explains: Shen is a feudal state of the Jiang clan. Zuo Tradition, First Year of Duke Yin (Zuo Zhuan Yin Gong Yuannian) records: Duke Wu of Zheng took a wife from the state of Shen. The Commentary says: The state of Shen is in the present-day Wanyuan County of Nanyang. It is also a name of a province. Yunhui records: During the Spring and Autumn period, it belonged to the state of Chu; during the Qin dynasty, it was Nanyang Commandery; during the Northern Wei dynasty, it was Ying Province; during the Northern Zhou dynasty, it was Shen Province. It is also the name of a mountain. Classic of Mountains and Seas (Shanhaijing) records: Shen Mountain, where many paper mulberry and scrub oak trees grow, and many ox-nose and kashi trees grow at the foot. Twenty miles further north is Upper Shen Mountain. It is also the name of a pond. Zuo Tradition, Eighteenth Year of Duke Wen (Zuo Zhuan Wen Gong Shibanian) records: In the summer of the fifth month, Duke Wen of Lu enjoyed himself at Shen Pond. The Commentary says: The west gate of the south city of the state of Qi is called Shen Gate, and there are water ponds on both sides. It is also a type of arrow. Discourses of the States, Discourses of Jin (Guoyu Jinyu) records: In the battle at Qianshi, the Shensun arrow hit the belt hook of Duke Huan of Qi. The Commentary says: Shensun is the name of an arrow. It is also a type of herb. Huainanzi, Human Teachings (Huainanzi Renjian Xun) says: Shen, Du, and Chen are fragrant herbs that beauties love to wear. The Commentary says: Shen, Du, and Chen are all fragrant herbs. Jiyun, Yunhui, and Zhengyun state the pronunciation is xin, identical to the pronunciation of xin, meaning to stretch. Jiyun states the pronunciation is shen, identical to the pronunciation of shen. It means to pull.