Zi Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Person (rén) 俑 Kangxi strokes: 9 Page 104, Entry 25 According to the Standardized Rhymes (Jiyun), the Rhyme Collection (Yunhui), and the Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun), it is pronounced yǒng. It refers to wooden puppets used in burials. In the Record of Rites (Liji), specifically the Tan Gong chapter, Confucius stated that those who created grass-bound figures for burial were acceptable, but those who created wooden puppets were unkind. Note: Grass-bound figures were made by tying straw into human shapes to serve as attendants for the deceased, resembling humans only roughly. Wooden puppets, however, were equipped with mechanisms to move, appearing completely like real people, even capable of jumping. Currently, initiating a bad trend is called initiating a puppet (zuò yǒng). Also, according to the Broad Rhymes (Guangyun) and the Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun), it is pronounced tōng. According to the Explanation of Graphs and Analysis of Characters (Shuowen), it means pain.