Xu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Gate (mén) 閃 Kangxi strokes: 10 Page 1330, Entry 06 Pronounced shan. According to the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it describes peeking through a door. The character is formed with person as a component, depicting a person within a gateway. It is an ideographic character. Pronounced shan. Describes the act of exiting a door. Also, according to the Expanded Rhymes (Zengyun), to dodge or avoid. In the Book of Rites (Liji), in the commentary on the passage from the Records on the Practice of Ritual (Liyun) regarding dragons being treated as domestic animals so that fish and sturgeon are not disturbed, the term used means the same as to dodge or evade. In the Explanation of Terms (Shiwen), the reading is given as shan. Also, to appear briefly. In Mu Hua's Rhapsody on the Sea (Haifu), it describes images of sea monsters appearing briefly and then vanishing. The commentary provides the pronunciation as shan, describing the appearance of something appearing and disappearing. According to the Correct Meaning of Characters (Zhengzitong), the appearance of something flickering or swaying. In ancient poetry: Cold crows flicker as they head toward the front mountains. In the poetry of Du Fu: Flickering waves turn over. Commonly written in a variant form. Also, a surname. During the Yongle reign of the Ming Dynasty, there was a judge of Yongzhou named Shan Ai. Also, the appearance of flattery. In the Biography of Zhao Yi from the History of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu), it states that glory is accepted through sycophancy, so who can distinguish between beauty and ugliness? The commentary notes that this refers to flattery and sycophancy. Pronounced shan. Pronounced shan. Pronounced yan. The meanings are the same.