Yin Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Wide (guǎng) Kangxi Strokes: 11 Page 347, Entry 20 Ancient form. Pronounced shu (falling tone). Book of Changes (Yijing), Qian Hexagram: To first produce a multitude of things, so that all states under heaven are tranquil. Book of Documents (Shangshu), Yao Canon: Many achievements are all flourishing. Also, meaning extravagant. Commentary: Multiplicity is extravagance. Also, meaning lucky or fortunate. Commentary: Lucky or fortunate. Also, a word indicating closeness or approximation. Analects (Lunyu): Yan Hui is close to it, is he not? Collected Commentaries: Shu means to approach or be close to. Also, meaning abundant or plentiful. Book of Odes (Shijing), Lesser Odes: The food in the sacrificial vessels is very abundant. Commentary: Shu means abundant. Sub-commentary: This refers to the prior preparation of the sacrificial food, where one must select succulent meat. Also, refers to collateral branches of a family other than those of the primary wife. Zuo Tradition (Zuo Zhuan), Third Year of Duke Xuan: His son by a concubine (shuzi) served as a public official. Commentary: Shuzi refers to a son born of a concubine. Also, Shuzi is a title of an official in the Zhou dynasty. Book of Rites (Liji), Meaning of the Banquet: In the ancient Zhou dynasty, among the offices of the Son of Heaven, there was the office of the Shuzi. Commentary: Shuzi is the official in charge of the various sons of the nobility. Also, Shuzhang is a title of nobility in the state of Qin. Zuo Tradition (Zuo Zhuan), Eleventh Year of Duke Xiang: The Shuzhang Bao and Shuzhang Wu of the state of Qin led an army to attack the state of Jin to rescue the state of Zheng. Also, a surname. Quick Reference Text (Jijiupian): Shu Ba Sui. Commentary: Shu is a ducal clan of the state of Wei. The Book of Rites records that the mother of Zisi died in the state of Wei and was a woman of the Shu clan. Shu Qi of the state of Zhu came to defect, and later the family took Shu as their surname. Pronounced shu (rising tone). Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Autumn Official: The Shu clan. Commentary: Shu is pronounced like the word for boiling in herbal medicine, which refers to the practice of dispelling poisonous insects and sorcery. Sub-commentary: This refers to the method of using herbal decoctions to eliminate illnesses and toxic sorcery. Also, pronounced zhi (entering tone). Explanation of Names (Shiming): Meaning to gather or pick up. To pick up means to select and employ those of humble status. Also, pronounced zhu (falling tone). The meaning is the same. Shuowen Jiezi: Originally written as the character composed of the radical for roof and the character for many. It is formed by the phonetic components du and guang. Guang is the ancient form of the character for light. Xu Xuan says: Light also means many and flourishing.