Wei Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Meat (ròu) 脛 Kangxi strokes: 13 Page 983, Entry 01 Pronounced xing (falling tone). According to the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it is the lower leg. According to the Broad Rhymes (Guangyun), the lower leg or shin. According to the Explanation of Names (Shiming), the shin is a stem; it is straight and long, resembling the stem of a plant. According to the commentary on the Book of Odes (Shijing), Xiaoya, Red Knee-pads on Thighs, the base of the shin is called the thigh. According to the Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of Marquis Weiqi and Wu'an, if the shin is larger than the thigh, it will surely split if it does not break. According to the Former Han (Qianhan), Biography of Zhao Chongguo, I heard you suffer from cold and diarrhea in your shins. The commentary notes that the shin is the bone below the knee. Furthermore, it describes a straight appearance. According to the Former Han (Qianhan), Biography of Yang Yun, those who are overly straight may not necessarily remain whole. The commentary notes that this describes a straight appearance. Also, according to the Mastery of Characters (Zhengzitong), the knee bones of birds and beasts are also called shins. According to the Zhuangzi, Chapter on Webbed Toes, although the legs of a wild duck are short, lengthening them causes distress; although the legs of a crane are long, cutting them causes sorrow. According to the Book of Etiquette and Ceremonial (Yili), Village Drinking Ritual, commentary on the guest’s portion of spine, ribs, shoulder, and lungs: for every sacrificial animal, there are three front shin bones, which are the shoulder, arm, and humerus. Pronounced xing (falling tone). Also pronounced heng (falling tone). The meaning is the same. According to the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), sometimes written in a variant form (zhuàn).