Hai Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Cauldron (lì) Kangxi strokes: 22 Page 1459, Entry 45 Tang Rhyme (Tangyun) and Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) state the pronunciation is zhu. Explained in Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi) as gruel. Note: Currently commonly written as the character for gruel. Approaching Elegance: Explanation of Words (Erya Shiyan) states that this refers to thin rice gruel. Note: Refers to thin, mushy gruel. Book of Etiquette and Ceremonial (Yili), Section on Funeral Rites for Scholars: Cook the leftover rice into gruel. Note: Refers to rice gruel made from rice leftover after ancestral sacrifices. Commentary of Zuo (Zuo Zhuan), Seventh Year of Duke Zhao: Cook thick gruel here, cook thin gruel there. Note: Both thick and thin gruel belong to the category of paste-like foods. Also, Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) and Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun) state the pronunciation is yu. Commentary of Zuo (Zuo Zhuan), Third Year of Duke Zhao: There was a person selling stocks. Note: Here it means to sell. Also, Zhuangzi, Section on Sign of Virtue Complete (De Chong Fu): These four things are what Heaven nurtures. What is called heavenly nurturing is what Heaven provides as food. Sound and Meaning: Here it means to nurture. Also used as a surname. History of the Former Han (Qian Hanshu), Section on Treatise on Literature: The master known as Yu was named Xiong; he was the teacher of the King of Zhou. From King Wen of Zhou onwards, all sought his counsel, and the Zhou dynasty enfeoffed him as the founding ancestor of the State of Chu. Also, Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) states the pronunciation is ju. Book of Odes (Shijing), Odes of Bin: Pitiful is this young child. Commentary: Here it means young or small. Zhu Xi Commentary: Explained as to nurture or raise. Also, Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) states the pronunciation is mi. It is interchangeable with the character for fine gruel (mi). Also, rhyming at the end of a verse, the pronunciation is yu. Yang Xiong, Admonition to the Minister of Works (Sikong Zhen): It is not by the strength of men, nor by the ordering of government decrees, but by circulating goods and soliciting favor, using bribes to seek to sell oneself. Also, rhyming at the end of a verse, the pronunciation is shu. Su Zhe, Poem on Mount Zhong: The old monk lives alone by the spring, for ten years he has swept away the traces of the world. When guests arrive, he only burns cypress incense; when hungry in the morning, he sits and watches the gruel boiling before the mountain.