Mao Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Heart (xīn) 愚 Kangxi Strokes: 13 Page 395, Entry 12 Pronounced yu. The meaning includes simple-minded, confused, ignorant, muddled, stupid, dull, unenlightened, stagnant, stubborn, obstructed, and dim-witted. Another interpretation suggests the character carries the meaning of lodging, implying an inactive state, as if temporarily residing somewhere. Xunzi (Xunzi) states: To mistake the wrong for the right and the right for the wrong is what is called being ignorant. Classic of Mountains and Seas (Shanhaijing) records a god named Tianyu, who resides at Dushan, east of Kushan. There is also a surname Yu. Additionally, it is read with a variant pronunciation rhyming with yu-hou, sounding like hou. In the work Huaqiao Zize Wen, it is written: The emperor's grace descended like rain, pitying and pardoning my transgressions. I was honored to draft a response, and the favor extended to a dull person like me. The character is formed by the components Heart and Yu. Yu refers to a type of monkey, which is considered among the most unintelligent of wild beasts.