Zi Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Person (rén) Entry: 儥 Kangxi Stroke Count: 17 Page 120, Entry 22 Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun), Collected Rhymes (Yunhui), Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun): Pronounced yu. Explanation from Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen): To sell. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Earth Officials, Master of the Markets: According to measurements, prices are set and sales are collected. Commentary: Measurement refers to the grade of grain; length refers to the grade of cloth and silk. To form means to confirm. To collect means to summon. Once the price of goods is confirmed, purchasers are summoned; hence the phrase collect and sell. Also according to Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun): Pronounced di. The meaning is the same. Rites of Zhou, Master of the Markets, Commentary on the text: Pronounced di. Dictionary (Zilin) also notes a pronunciation of ta zhu. Note: The character for sell (yù) is composed of the radicals for scholar (shì), bright (jiǒng), and cowrie (bèi), which differs from the structure of the character for sell (mài) composed with the radical for four. Furthermore, the Rites of Zhou contains both meanings of buying and selling; the Commentary and Subcommentary (Zhusho) explain the original text separately and quite accurately, leaving no room for doubt. In the Erya, the word luan carries both meanings of order and disorder, zai carries both exist and finish, cu carries both go and survive, and si is explained as both therefore and now. Guo Pu states: These are all matters of exegetical terminology, where meanings may overlap or contradict; good and bad are not forbidden from sharing the same name. Just as the word chou may mean both fragrant and putrid, or qian may mean both satisfied and dissatisfied, many characters hold dual, opposing meanings like yin and yang or black and white. Why then should one single out the word for sell (yù) to doubt it? The Corrected Character Guide (Zhengzitong) claims that the sounds and meanings of buying and selling are distinct, suspecting that the word for sell (yù) in the Rites of Zhou is a corruption or error. The Commentary and Subcommentary are considered strained, and the Collection of Characters (Zihui) follows these errors, which is most confusing for students. This is the mistake of failing to examine antiquity and failing to apply analogies, and it cannot be left unclarified. Verification: Rites of Zhou, Earth Officials, Master of the Markets. Commentary: Measurement is used to determine the grades of grain; length is used to measure the grades of cloth and thread. According to the original text, determine has been corrected to measure, and thread has been corrected to silk.