Chou Collection, Middle Volume. Radical: Earth (tǔ). Kangxi brush strokes: 4. Page 223, Entry 02. According to Broad Rhymes (Guangyun), pronounced ya. According to Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), Rhyme Meetings (Yunhui), and Orthodox Rhymes (Zhengyun), pronounced ya. According to The Origins of the Six Writings (Liushugu), it refers to earth that is dense and solidified. According to Dialects (Fangyan), yangya means immeasurable. In the Rhapsody of the Owl (Fufu) by Jia Yi: The Great Potter distributes all things, vast and immeasurable without borders. The commentary states: yangya means expansive and flowing without trace. In the Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), the word great is written as zhuan, and the word distributed is written as pan. In the Book of Han (Hanshu), yangya is written as yangya. In the Sweet Springs Rhapsody (Ganquanfu) by Yang Xiong, it is written as yangya. Ying Shao states: its energy is vast and immeasurable, without limit or standard. Also, in the Huainanzi: Summoning the Hermit (Zhaoyinshi), it appears as yang and ya in the mountain curves. The commentary states: it also means curved. Note: Various rhyme books define this character as a mountain curve, which is incorrect.