Wu Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Vessel (mǐn) Character: Li Kangxi stroke count: 20 Page 798, Entry 16 According to Tang Rhymes (Tangyun), Jiyun, and Yunhui, this character is identical to the character li. In Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of Sima Xiangru: Li-fu wept because of him. Zhang Yi comments that this refers to a vicious and perverse person. In Book of Han (Hanshu), Biography of the King of Jiaoxi: Being a treacherous and perverse person. The commentary notes that this is the ancient form of the character li. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji) writes it as li. It also refers to being contrary or defiant. In Book of Han (Hanshu), Biographies of Zhang Er and Chen Yu: Why did the sincerity of their original admiration and loyalty later turn into mutual betrayal and defiance? It also refers to the name of a disease. In Jia Yi, Essay on Peace and Order (Zhi'an Ce): The illness is not merely foot swelling, but also the suffering of feet being twisted. Shigu comments that this is the same as the character zhi, meaning the soles of the feet are twisted and reversed, making it impossible to walk. It also refers to calluses. In Master Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals (Lushi Chunqiu): There was a person with an ugly appearance whose arms were long and covered in calluses. It is also the name of a mountain. In Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of Huo Qubing: Led the soldiers to cross Mount Wuli. It is also interchangeable with the character li. In Book of Han (Hanshu), Table of Officers and Ministers: The feudal kings used gold seals and li-colored ribbons. The commentary notes that li is the name of a plant that grows in Langye, Pingchang County; it resembles mugwort and can be used to dye things green, hence it is used to name the ribbon. In Book of Jin (Jinshu), Annals of the Warlords, it is written as green li ribbon. According to Guangyun, pronounced li (entering tone); according to Jiyun, pronounced li (entering tone); the pronunciation is identical to the character li, and the meaning is the same. According to Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it was originally written in a variant form. After simplification, it is written as li, derived from the variant form, and the pronunciation is similar to li. Xu Xuan states that the original form depicts a bound criminal seeing blood, implying the meaning of correcting perversity. According to Shuowen Changjian, it is also written in a variant form.