Xu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Metal (jīn) Luan Kangxi Stroke Count: 27 Page 1327, Entry 01 Pronounced luan. According to the Shuowen Jiezi (Shuowen), it refers to the carriage of a monarch pulled by four horses, with four bells attached to the sides of each horse's bit. The sound of the bells resembles the cry of a mythical luan bird, creating a harmonious and melodious tone that signifies solemnity and respect. According to the Records of the Hanlin Academy (Hanlinzhi), because the Hanlin Academy was connected to the Jinpo Hall, the academy became known as the Golden Luan. Emperor Dezong of the Tang dynasty moved the academy to Jinpo Slope. In the Jiyun, it is considered interchangeable with the character luan. According to the Commentary on Ancient and Modern Times (Gujinzhu), the Book of Rites (Liji) states that the crimson bird known as the luan leads the way; because the luan bird precedes, it is called luan. The luan bird carries a bell in its beak, which is why it is called a luan bell. Currently, it is sometimes written as one character and sometimes as another; they refer to the same object, though their connotations vary slightly. According to the Supplement to the Rhymes (Yunbu), it is also read with the rhyme luan. In the Seven Splendors Rhapsody (Qihua Fu) by Liu Shao: Carrying metal gongs and sounding jade-ornamented luan bells. The sound of drums rises like thunder, while wild fires spread like clouds.