Xu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Metal (jīn) Luan Kangxi Stroke Count: 27 Page 1327, Entry 28 Pronounced luan. According to the Shuowen Jiezi (Explanation of Words and Phrases), this refers to the imperial chariot drawn by four horses, where the bits of the horses are equipped with bells at each end, totaling eight bells. The sound of these bells mimics the call of the luan bird, creating a harmonious and pleasant resonance to signify solemnity and respect. Furthermore, according to the Chronicles of the Hanlin Academy (Hanlinzhi), the Hanlin Academy is connected to the Golden Slope Hall, which is why the academy of scholars is referred to as the Golden Luan. During the reign of Emperor Dezong of the Tang Dynasty, the academy was moved to Golden Luan Slope. Additionally, according to the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), this character is interchangeable with the character luan. The Ancient and Modern Records (Gujin Zhu) states that the Book of Rites (Liji) records: when traveling, if there is a red bird ornament in front, it is a luan. Because it is decorated with a luan bird in front, it is called luan. The luan bird holds a bell in its beak, hence it is called luanling (luan bell). Today, some write it as luan and others as luan; they refer to the same object, though the meanings differ slightly. Also, according to the Rhyme Supplement (Yunbu), it is sometimes pronounced lüanyuan, which sounds the same as luan. In the Seven Splendors Rhapsody (Qi hua fu) by Liu Shao, it is written: The carriage is loaded with golden gongs and adorned with jade luan bells. The sound of the drums rises like thunder, and the wild fire spreads like clouds.