Mao Collection, Middle Volume. Radical: Door (hù). Kangxi stroke count: 8. Page 415, Entry 11. Ancient form is written as variant form (lì). According to Expanded Dictionary of Sounds and Meanings (Guangyun), Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), and Collection of Rhymes (Yunhui), the pronunciation is lang plus ji; according to Corrected Rhymes (Zhengyun), the pronunciation is li plus ji; pronounced li (falling tone). According to Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen), it means crooked. It is formed by the character for dog emerging from under the character for door. The character indicates a body that is crooked and bent. It also means to arrive. From Book of Odes (Shijing): The kite flies and reaches the sky. From Book of Rites (Liji): Gather mulberry leaves from the public grove, and when the wind has reached them, feed them to the silkworms. Commentary: When the wind reaches them, the leaves are dried, and therefore they are fed to the silkworms. It also means to stop. From Book of Documents (Shangshu): Now the people are not peaceful, they have not yet calmed their hearts. It also means to settle. From Book of Odes (Shijing): If the people have not settled, it is the duty of the thieves to act. Also, according to Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), pronounced li (falling tone). It means to deviate or to be a crime. From Zuo Tradition (Zuozhuan): How would one dare to violate the great rites to bring punishment upon oneself? Also, according to Expanded Dictionary of Sounds and Meanings (Guangyun) and Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), and Corrected Rhymes (Zhengyun), pronounced lie. The meaning is the same. From Pan Yue, Western Expedition Rhapsody (Xizheng Fu): Believing in this heart, perhaps I may avoid punishment. As for rites and music, I wait for future sages. Also, according to the Law of Posthumous Titles (Shifa), one who does not repent for previous mistakes is called li. Also, according to Rhyme Supplements (Yunbu), rhyming with the pronunciation li. From Liu Xiang, Nine Laments (Jiu Tan): Sad is my heart, anxious and constrained, my eyes are dim as I shed tears. The wind whistles and shakes the trees, the clouds gather dark and reach a state of turmoil. Also, rhyming with the pronunciation li. From Book of Odes (Shijing): Happy is the noble man, wealth and blessings are abundant. Carefree and relaxed, he has found his rest.