Hai Collection, Upper Volume. Radical: Horse (mǎ). Kangxi stroke count: 23. Page 390, Entry 01. Pronounced jing. According to the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it refers to a horse being startled or frightened. According to the Jade Collection (Yupian), it means to frighten or startle. In the Book of Changes (Yijing), regarding the Thunder trigram, it describes a shaking or startling motion that reaches a hundred leagues. In the Book of Odes (Shijing), in the Greater Odes (Daya) section, it describes a shaking or startling of the Xu region. In the Laozi: Dao De Jing, it states that gaining is like being favored, and losing is like being shamed; this is called being startled by both favor and shame. Also pronounced jiang. In the poem by Zhang Ji mourning Han Yu, it describes climbing a high bank under the moonlight, where the Milky Way and starlight shine upon one another. When the fishing line is cast out, the crowds cheer in unison upon a catch, causing a commotion.