Hai Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Horse (mǎ) Entry: Hai Kangxi strokes: 16 Page 1438, Entry 01 Pronounced xie (third tone). Jade Chapters (Yupian): To be startled or to rise up in alarm. Spring and Autumn Annals of Mr. Gongyang (Gongyang Zhuan), Sixth Year of Duke Ai: All the high officials saw this, and all were moved in appearance and startled. Zhuangzi, Great and Venerable Teacher (Dazongshi): Moreover, he treats his form as an alarming thing but does not injure his mind. Annotation: He regards change as a startling movement of the form, and therefore does not allow life or death to damage or burden his mind. Also, Collected Rhymes (Jiyun): Same as the character hai (a variant form indicating the sound of beating drums). Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Summer Offices, Grand Minister of War: The drums all sounded. Explication of Texts (Shiwen): The original text for this sound also appears written as hai. Wang Can, Records of Heroes (Yingxiong Ji): Organized the troops and sounded the drums. Also, to scatter. Lu Ji, Poem: The three sovereigns laid the initial foundation, and the successive martial accomplishments were greatly inherited; the harmonizing wind spread far and wide, and the heavenly sun looked down with clarity. Annotation: This refers to the gentle wind blowing far to all four directions. Also, the name of a river. Classic of History (Shangshu), Tribute of Yu (Yugong): The nine rivers were already channeled. Commentary: The nine rivers; one is called Tuhai. Sub-commentary: Yu channeled the nine rivers using the common people, which is why it is called Tuhai. Also, a person's name. Spring and Autumn Annals (Chunqiu), Second Year of Duke Yin: Wuhai led the army to enter the state of Ji. Also, rhymes with xi (third tone), pronounced xi. Wu Qi, Treatise on Governing the Military (Zhibing pian): Restrain their ears and eyes, and do not let them be startled or alarmed. Train them in riding and running, and familiarize them with advancing and halting. Han Yu, Poem on the Creek Hall in Yunzhou: In the shallows there are reeds and lotuses, in the depths there are rushes and reeds. The official entertains his guests, while his drums sound with a startling beat. Also, rhymes with yi (second tone), pronounced yi. Han Yu, Poem on the Official of Long: The official is now arriving himself, so why the sudden, reckless questioning? Unexpectedly caught in distress, I break out in a sweat, ashamed and startled. Note: In ancient pronunciation, hai was read as yi, shifting to the yi sound. Also, rhymes with xu (third tone), pronounced xu. Lu Ji, Rhapsody on Ascending the Heavens (Lingxiao fu): Because I looked east toward the Fusang tree, the tilt of the heavens was a sight to startle. I am confused by the vastness of the earth, my mind is obscured and without purpose. Annotation: The word xu is in the rising tone. Also, rhymes with xi (fourth tone), pronounced xi. Su Zhe, Rhapsody on the Yellow Tower (Huanglou fu): Dancing fish and dragons in the moats, examining the sails and masts at the ramparts. Just as the sudden gust of a windstorm arises, the beating drums shake with a startling alarm. Verification: Lu Ji, Poem: The three sovereigns laid the initial foundation, successive martial accomplishments did not inherit. Carefully corrected based on the original text to read: and the successive martial accomplishments were greatly inherited.