Chen Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Stop (zhǐ) Kangxi Strokes: 18 Page 578, Entry 01 Ancient character. Pronounced gui. The meaning is to return or enter. Book of Odes (Shijing), Lesser Odes: "With sound fading as they return." It also refers to returning an item that was borrowed. Annals of Spring and Autumn (Chunqiu), Tenth Year of Duke Ding: "The people of Qi returned the fields of Yun, Huan, Gui, and Yin." Also, Book of Rites (Liji), Meaning of Sacrifices: "Parents bring a child into the world whole, and the child returns to them whole." Mencius: "Long borrowed and not returned." These all imply returning or replying. Also, Annals of Spring and Autumn, First Year of Duke Yin: "Sent the mourning gifts for the deceased wife of Duke Hui." Commentary by Du Yu: "The term gui expresses that there is no return." Seventh Year of Duke Huan: "Tu returned to Zheng." Gongyang Commentary: "Gui is a term expressing ease." It also refers to relying on or taking refuge in. Book of Odes, Odes of Cao: "A place for me to find refuge." Commentary by Mao: "Gui means to take refuge." It also refers to submission. Gongyang Commentary, Second Year of Duke Zhuang: "A king is the object to which the people submit." Book of Odes, Greater Odes: "The happy and courteous prince, the one to whom the people submit." Also, according to the Analytical Dictionary of Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it refers to a woman marrying. Book of Odes, Odes of Zhou and Shao: "This young woman is going to her new home." Book of Rites, Evolution of Rites (Liyun): "Men have their functions, women have their destination." Also, Gongyang Commentary, Second Year of Duke Yin: "When a woman marries, it is called gui; when she returns to her maiden home, it is called lai-gui." Commentary: "Marrying is called gui to show she belongs to an outside surname. Returning is called lai-gui to show she has come back from elsewhere." Zuo Commentary, 27th Year of Duke Zhuang: "Generally, if a daughter of a feudal lord returns to visit her parents, it is called lai; if she is divorced, it is called lai-gui. A wife returning to visit her parents is called ru, and if divorced, it is called gui-yu." Also refers to throwing oneself upon or entrusting. Zuo Commentary, Third Year of Duke Xiang: "Requested to return and die before the Minister of Justice." Also, History of the Former Han (Qianhan), Biography of Shentu Jia: "Chao Cuo was afraid and went to confess to Emperor Jing." Commentary by Yan Shigu: "To surrender oneself to the Emperor." Also refers to bestowing or praising. Analects: "The world would submit to his benevolence." Also refers to conforming. Book of Rites, Black Robes (Ziyi): "Private favors do not conform to virtue." Commentary: "Does not accord with moral principles." Also refers to the end result. Zuo Commentary, 11th Year of Duke Xuan: "Used the invasion to summon the feudal lords, but attributed it to greed." Also, Guimei is the name of a hexagram. Also, Sanggui is the name of a terrace. Commentary on Records of the Grand Historian: "Sanggui refers to marrying women from three different surnames." Also, to trend toward is called gui. Book of Changes (Yijing), Appended Remarks: "Different paths lead to the same destination." Records of the Grand Historian, Biography of Li Si: "Upon seeing the direction of the finger, he knew where it tended." Also, the Daoist tradition has the concept of the "Eight Returns." Can Tong Qi: "Nine returns, seven reversions, eight returns, six dwellings." Commentary: "The Eight Returns refers to the heavenly three producing wood, the earthly eight perfecting mercury, and the joining of the earthly stems Wu and Ji. This is the essence of wood and mercury returning to be refined in the cauldron, hence it is called the Eight Returns." Also, Xie Chawi, Arithmetic Classic (Suanjing), has the "gui method," which is a technique for consolidating entered numbers. Also, Guicang is the name of the Book of Changes (Yijing) from the Yellow Emperor's era. Another theory suggests it is from the Yin Dynasty. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Offices of Spring: "The Grand Diviner manages the methods of the three Books of Changes; the second is called Guicang." Commentary: "Guicang means that there is nothing in the world that does not return and become stored within it. This Book of Changes takes the pure Kun hexagram as its beginning, which is how it derived its name." Also, Erya, Explaining Kinship: "A woman calls her brother's son her nephew, and calls her nephew's son her guisun." Also, used interchangeably with kui (to present a gift). Analects: "Presented Confucius with a suckling pig." Narratives of the States (Jinyu): "Not enough to represent our humble state's rites, we dare to present them to the ministers." Also, a mountain name. Classic of Mountains and Seas: "The beginning of Mount Taihang is called Mount Gui, which contains gold and jade, and possesses green jade at its base." Also, a prefecture name. Guangyun: "Originally the State of Kui during the Spring and Autumn period. In the early Wude era, it was split from the Zigui and Badong counties of Kui Prefecture to establish Gui Prefecture, taking the name of the Gui state." Topography of the World (Guangyuji): "Now part of Jingzhou Prefecture." Also, a surname. Also, Gui-xie is the name of a star-vapor. History of the Former Han, Treatise on Astronomy: "It looks like a star but is not a star, looks like a cloud but is not a cloud; it is named Gui-xie. If Gui-xie appears, there will certainly be nations submitting to others. Xie is pronounced she." Also, Wanggui is the name of an arrow, seen in Gongsun Longzi. Also, Zigui is the name of a bird. Danggui is the name of a medicinal herb. Also, Jiyun: Pronounced kui. Same as kui (to present). Analytical Dictionary of Characters: "Meaning to present a gift." Can also be pronounced like the original character. See meaning above. The Seal script (zhòu) is written in simplified form. The Han dynasty script is written as gui.