Mao Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Heart (xīn) Total strokes: 9 Page 382, Entry 01 Ancient character form. According to Tang Rhymes (Tangyun), pronounced yuan (falling tone). According to Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) and Rhymes Collection (Yunhui), pronounced yuan (falling tone). According to Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen), it means resentment. According to Extensive Rhymes (Guangyun), it means hatred. According to Augmented Rhymes (Zengyun), it means an enemy or to avenge. Also, according to Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), pronounced yuan (level tone). It means to avenge or to resent. Book of Rites (Liji), Chapter on Conduct of Scholars (Ruxing): To recommend others regardless of resentment. History of the Former Han (Qianhan), Biography of Qing Bu: Fearful of being falsely accused due to enmity and resentment. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Annals of the First Emperor: Because his maternal family had feuds and resentment, he had them all buried alive. All of these are read in the level tone. Sometimes written in a variant form. Also, according to Dictionary Supplement (Zihuibu), pronounced yun (falling tone). Same as the word for accumulation. Xunzi, Chapter on Duke Ai (Aigong pian): Possessing the world without hoarding wealth, distributing to the world without suffering poverty. Commentary: Resentment is read as accumulation, meaning no private wealth is hoarded. Also, rhyming with yuan (level tone). Later Han (Houhan), Ban Biao’s Northern Expedition Rhapsody (Beizheng fu): Crossing Anding in a leisurely manner, following the long walls that stretch on and on. It was a tragedy to tire the people, building resentment for the powerful Qin. Commentary: Man is pronounced mian. Also, rhyming with yun (level tone). Lin, Lament for the Tortoise Rhapsody (Daogui fu): Three thousand yi cannot purchase it, how can ten sets of cowries even be mentioned. Measuring life and death as one, what does humanity have to complain about. Also, rhyming with wan (falling tone). History of the Former Han (Qianhan), Introductory Record (Xuzhuan), Annals of Emperor Gaozu: Xiang Yu rebelled and shifted, banishing us to Ba and Han. The western lands set their hearts on us, the soldiers were indignant and resentful. Refined accumulation: Follows the meaning of fate. Transferred reference: Follows the character for heart.