Mao Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Heart (xīn) Yuān; Kangxi Dictionary strokes: 12; Page 390, Entry 16 Guangyun (Broad Rhymes) and Jiyun (Collected Rhymes) state it is pronounced yuan. Guangyun defines it as a grievance or injustice. Jiyun defines it as hatred or resentment. The standard form of the character is yuan. Sometimes also written in a variant form (yuān). It also refers to the appearance of a small hole. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Winter Offices, Artificers Record: The method for inspecting leather involves examining the holes drilled in it, which should be fine and small. Commentary: The holes are for threading, and one desires them to be small and dense with no gaps, so that the leather remains sturdy and resistant to damage. Jiyun (Collected Rhymes) also states it is pronounced yu. It refers to pent-up emotions within the heart. The standard form of the character is yun. Sometimes also written in a variant form (yuān). It is also simplified as wan. Jiyun (Collected Rhymes) also states that the character wan was historically written as yuan. Detailed explanation can be found in the Radical: Roof (mián) section, five-stroke entry.