Wei Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Silk (mì) Kangxi Strokes: 13 Page 926, Entry 07 Pronounced yan (level tone). In the Jade Chapters (Yupian), it refers to the cloth covering the front and back of a ceremonial crown. As stated in the Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan) on the second year of Duke Huan: The pendant cords and the crown covering. The commentary states: The term refers to the covering on top of a crown. The sub-commentary states: The crown uses wood as a base and is covered with cloth, which is called yan. It is also commonly written as yan. As stated in the Book of Rites (Liji), section on Jade Ornaments (Yuzao): The Son of Heaven has twelve pendants of jade beads, and the front and back are deeply covered by the yan. The commentary states: Yan is the covering on the crown. The explanation of the text states: The Word Forest (Zilin) writes this as yan. Pronounced yan (rising tone). The meaning is the same. Pronounced yan (rising tone). The meaning is the same. Pronounced xian (falling tone). The character xian is sometimes written with the element yan.