Xu Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Short-tailed bird (zhuī) Kangxi Strokes: 18 Page 1369, Entry 01 Pronounced xie. According to the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it refers to the swallow known as the zhouyan. It is composed of the radical for a short-tailed bird and the radical for a sprout, symbolizing its crest; the phonetic component is jiong. According to the Extensive Refinements (Tongya), the original text of the Erya defines the zhouyan as the zhou bird, while the swallow is the yi bird. Lu Ji stated that the zhou bird is the cuckoo, while the swallow is the yi bird; he noted that the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters misunderstood the phrasing of the Erya and incorrectly defined the zhou bird as a swallow. According to the Jade Chapters (Yupian), it is the cuckoo. It is sometimes written in a variant form. In the Book of Rites (Liji), in the section on general rules of conduct, it mentions standing and observing the five gui. The commentary explains that gui signifies a standard or rule, referring to the measurement of a wheel's rotation. The character is sometimes written as rui. The Explanation of Text (Shiwen) notes that the character is pronounced gui, and defines one gui as the distance of one full rotation of a carriage wheel, measuring one zhang, nine chi, and eight cun. In the Gongyang Commentary (Gongyang Zhuan), regarding the twenty-sixth year of Duke Xi, it mentions the Duke pursued the Qi army as far as Gui. The Explanation of Text notes the pronunciation as gui. The Zuo Commentary (Zuo Zhuan) records this place name as Xi. According to the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), it is also pronounced gui. According to the Erya, in the section explaining birds, it is called the zhou bird. The Explanation of Text notes the pronunciation as gui. It is sometimes written in variant forms. According to the Broad Rhymes (Guangyun) and the Rhyme Collection (Yunhui), it is pronounced sui. It is the name of a prefecture. In the Book of Han (Qian Han Shu), in the Treatise on Geography, it mentions Yuexi Prefecture. The commentary states it was established in the sixth year of the Yuanding era. Ying Shao commented that there was a Sui River in the ancient state of Qiongdu, and the name implies crossing this river to celebrate prosperity. Yan Shigu noted that the name is pronounced sui. It is sometimes written in a variant form. According to the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), it is also pronounced shun, and refers to a place name. Regarding the mention in the Gongyang Commentary, the Explanation of Text notes the pronunciation as shun. It is sometimes written in a variant form.