Mao Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Heart (xīn) 悚 Kangxi Strokes: 11 Page 387, Entry 31 Ancient script: According to the Extensive Rhymes (Guangyun), pronounced song (rising tone). According to the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) and the Collection of Rhymes (Yunhui), pronounced song (rising tone). According to the Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun), pronounced song (rising tone). As defined in the Analytical Dictionary of Characters (Shuowen): to be afraid. Originally written as a variant form. Composed of the heart radical, with the character for pair (shuang) as a shortened phonetic component. Now written as悚. According to the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), it is sometimes written in a variant form. It is also used interchangeably with the character pronounced song (rising tone).