Yin Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Step (chì) Kangxi Strokes: 16 Page 371, Entry 27 Pronounced jiao (falling tone). According to the Analytical Dictionary of Characters (Shuowen): to patrol or inspect. According to the History of the Former Han (Qianhan shu), Table of Officials: The Commandant of the Capital (Zhongwei) was an official position during the Qin dynasty, responsible for patrolling the capital to maintain order. Commentary by Yan Shigu: The term jiao refers to intercepting or patrolling. Also, according to the Collection of Rhymes (Yunhui): patrolling soldiers are called wandering inspectors (youjiao). According to the History of the Later Han (Houhan shu), Biography of Zang Gong: In his youth, he served as a local station chief and a wandering inspector. Commentary: Each township had a wandering inspector, responsible for patrolling and preventing crime or theft. Also, according to the Jade Sea (Yupian): a border. According to the Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of Sima Xiangru: Reached the southern region of Ke to establish a border. Commentary: Jiao means a fortified pass. It refers to using wooden fences in water as a boundary against the barbarian tribes. Also, according to the Wide Rhymes (Guangyun): a small path. According to Ban Gu, Rhapsody on the Western Capital (Xidu fu): The paths used for patrolling intersect and cross one another. Also, according to the Collection of Rhymes (Yunhui): some say it refers to the subtle. According to Laozi, Classic of the Way and Virtue (Daode jing): One who is constantly desiring can perceive the subtle (the incipient signs or omens of things). Pronounced jiao (level tone). According to the Jade Sea (Yupian): to seek or strive for. According to the Zuo Commentary (Zuo zhuan), Year 3 of Duke Zhao: To seek blessings and protection from Duke Tai. Commentary: Jiao means to seek. According to the Book of Rites (Liji), Doctrine of the Mean (Zhongyong): The inferior man acts recklessly to seek lucky outcomes. Commentary: Jiao refers to seeking favor or good fortune. Also, according to the Wide Rhymes (Guangyun): to plagiarize. According to the Analects of Confucius (Lunyu): Disliking those who plagiarize others' ideas and consider themselves wise. Commentary: Jiao means to plagiarize. It refers to taking the insights of others and presenting them as one's own. Pronounced yao. To intercept. According to Sima Xiangru, Rhapsody on Sir Fantasy (Zixu fu): Intercepting (the wild beasts) until they are exhausted. Commentary by Sima Biao: Jiao means to intercept. The term refers to intercepting those (beasts) that are fatigued.