Xu Collection, Middle Volume. Radical: Short-tailed bird (zhuī). Kangxi stroke count: 18. Page 1368, Entry 38. Pronounced guan. According to the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it is a small sparrow. Composed of the character for a type of grass and the sound of two birds chirping. According to the Jade Chapters (Yupian), it is a water bird. In the Book of Odes (Shijing), in the section on the Customs of Bin (Binfeng), it says the bird cries on the anthill. According to the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), it is sometimes written in a variant form (guan). Also a name of a plant. In the Er-Ya (Erya), in the section on explaining plants, it says the plant is called guan, or penglan. The commentary states that the plant is a creeping vine that produces white sap when broken, which is edible. The phonetic annotation states the pronunciation is guan. According to the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), it is also pronounced huan. It is identical to the entry for peng. Refer to the note on the character peng under the Grass radical. According to the Collected Rhymes (Jiyun), it is also pronounced guan. It is a water bird. It is sometimes written in a variant form (guan).