Wu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Jade (yù) 玼 Kangxi strokes: 10 Page 729, Entry 06 Pronounced ci (rising tone). Shuowen Jiezi (Shuowen) defines this as the bright, vivid color of jade. It cites the Book of Odes (Shijing): "The new tower is bright." Note: In the current edition of the Book of Odes, Beifeng section, this is written as ci (rising tone). Zhengzitong states that all things that are bright, vivid, and lush may be referred to as ci. The Book of Odes, Yongfeng section, states: "Bright, oh bright, are her pheasant-patterned robes." The commentary states: The pheasant robe is the sacrificial garment of a lady, made by cutting silk into the shape of a pheasant and decorating it with colors. Here, ci describes the magnificence of Xuan Jiang's attire, which is as vivid as the color of jade. Also used interchangeably with ci (flaw). The Book of the Later Han (Houhanshu), Biography of Huang Xian, states: "There was no one who did not admire his profound distance from flaws and stinginess." The commentary states: ci is pronounced ci (rising tone). The Shuowen Jiezi explains it as a bright color. Based on the meaning here, it should be ci (flaw). It is written as ci because it was an interchangeable ancient character. Also, Jiyun states: pronounced cuo (level tone). Also, Guangyun and Zhengyun state: pronounced ci (level tone); Jiyun states: pronounced qian (rising tone). The meaning is the same. Also, Guangyun states: pronounced ci (level tone); Jiyun and Yunhui state: pronounced ci (level tone). Guangyun defines this as a flaw in jade. Also, Jiyun defines this as stony material contained within jade.