Shen Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Grass (cǎo) 苑 Kangxi strokes: 11 Page 1022, Entry 21 Pronounced wan (rising tone). According to the Shuo Wen Jiezi (Shuo Wen), it is a place for raising birds and beasts. Book of Rites (Zhouli), Earth Official, You Ren Commentary: In ancient times it was called you, in the Han dynasty it was called yuan. History of the Former Han (Qianhan), Annals of Emperor Gao: Therefore, the parks, gardens, and ponds of the Qin were opened for the common people to farm. Commentary: Raising birds and beasts is called yuan. Comprehensive Discourses of the White Tiger Hall (Baihu Tong): Parks and enclosures are placed in the east because they nurture the ten thousand things. The east is where things are born. Also a county name. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Tables of the Meritorious Officials of Emperor Gao: Marquis of Gaoyuan, Bing Qian. Commentary: The county belonged to Qiansheng. Also Shanyuan, a country name. See Records of Extraordinary Wonders (Dongming Ji). Also Zhuangzi, Heaven and Earth chapter: Chunmang was about to go east to the great chasm and encountered a Yuan wind on the shore of the Eastern Sea. Commentary: Yuan wind is a violent gale. Also a book title, such as Literary Garden (Wenyuan), Garden of Categories (Leiyuan), Garden of Arts (Yiyuan), and Garden of Sayings (Shuoyuan). Also a palace name, such as Inner Garden, Forbidden Garden, West Garden, or South Garden. Also a star name. Records of the Grand Historian, Treatise on the Celestial Offices: Of the nine stars in the Gouqu constellation, the second is called Heavenly Garden. Also a medicinal name. The Jiyuan (a type of Polygala tenuifolia) is Yuanzhi. See Erya (Boya). Pronounced yuan (falling tone). Book of Rites (Zhouli), Earth Official: Prohibiting the use of mountains as enclosures. Liu Changzong reads this in the departing tone. Zuo Si, Rhapsody on the Capital of Wu (Wudu Fu): Turning marshes into gardens, turning forests into enclosures. Rare flowers and lush creepers, bright in summer and luxuriant in winter. Pronounced yuan. A surname. Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan): Yuan Heji was an official of Qi. Records of Wei (Weizhi): Yuan Kang of Bohai. Pronounced yu. Book of Odes (Shijing), Lesser Odes: My heart is knotted (yuan jie). Commentary: Yuan is like being bent or accumulated. Explanation of Texts: Pronounced yu. Pronounced yun. Meaning is the same. Also, yuan and wan are used interchangeably. History of the Former Han (Qianhan), Table of Officials: Prefect of the Pasture Office (mushi wan ling). Discourses of Jin (Jinyu): The people all gathered in the garden (yuan). Also rhymes as yun in the Rhyme Supplement (Yunbu). Book of Odes (Shijing), Qin Odes: The feathered shields are ornate (yuan). Commentary: Yuan describes the patterns; read in the level tone, rhyming with the group of characters ending in yun.