Yin Collection, Upper Volume. Radical: Roof (mián). Kangxi Stroke Count: 10. Page 286, Entry 15. Pronounced xiāo. Explaining the characters (Shuowen Jiezi) defines it as night. The character form derives from the roof radical, indicating that the space below is dark. It uses the phonetic component xiào. Book of Documents (Shangshu), Chapter on the Canon of Yao states: The star Xu culminates at night, signaling the middle of autumn. The commentary explains this as the dissipation of yang energy. Book of Odes (Shijing), Odes of Shao mentions: Respectfully traveling by night. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Office of Autumn, Officer of Awakenings records the prohibition of people walking at night. The commentary defines the term as the quiet time after nightfall. Zhuangzi Commentary defines it as paths that are not bright or level. It also carries the meaning of small or minor. Record of Rites (Liji), Record on the Subject of Education mentions the study of three poems from the Minor Odes of the Kingdom (Xiaoya). The commentary explains that the term here means small, referring to the study of three pieces from the Minor Odes. It also refers to the nocturnal traveler, a type of insect shaped like a silkworm that is active at night, with a glow under its throat like a firefly. Book of Odes (Shijing), Odes of Bin mentions: The glowing nocturnal traveler. It is also used as a variant for the character xiāo (silk). Book of Etiquette and Ceremonial (Yili), Rites for Officials' Weddings mentions a lady wearing an embroidered hairpiece and this type of garment. The commentary by Zheng Xuan states that the character is pronounced the same as in the phrase white silk garment with red silk trim.