Wei Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Old (lǎo) Kangxi strokes: 10 Page 961, Entry 02 Pronounced qi Book of Documents (Shuowen): Old. Approaching Meaning (Erya): Old, long-lived. Book of Rites (Liji): At sixty, one is called a person of advanced age, able to direct others. Commentary: Advanced age means arriving at the stage of being old. Explication of Names (Shiming): At sixty, one is called a person of advanced age. This implies pointing; one is no longer subject to hard labor and instead points out tasks for others to perform. Also, Narratives of the States (Zhouyu): The elders and middle-aged men refined them. Commentary: Elders and middle-aged men refers to teachers and tutors. Also, Zuo Tradition (Zuozhuan): Neither cowardly nor advanced in age. Commentary: Advanced in age implies strength. Also, a name for an official post. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli): The Yi-qi lineage. Commentary: Yi-qi was the title of an ancient king who initiated the harvest sacrifice to honor those who have labored long. This official managed the royal staffs and canes, and subsequent kings recognized the traditional virtue of the Yi-qi lineage, naming the office after them. There is a surname Yi-qi. Also, a state name. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji): The following year, the state of Qi was defeated. Commentary: This is the state of Li. Also, Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji): The Xiongnu call the virtuous, Tu-qi. Also, History of the Former Han (Qianhan): The scars of the aged and the metal arrowheads of the barbarians numbered in the hundreds of thousands. Commentary: Scars of the aged refers to the scars on a horse's back. Also, pronounced zhi. To attain. Also written as zhi. Classic of Poetry (Shijing): To attain the completion of your merit. Commentary: To attain. Zuo Tradition (Zuozhuan): Advanced in age, meaning to obscure. Commentary: To attain. To inflict punishment upon the obscure. Also, pronounced shi. To crave, also written as the character for crave. Book of Rites (Liji): Regulate cravings and desires, and settle the heart's energy.