Hai Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Bird (niǎo) 鵑 Kangxi Dictionary stroke count: 18 Page 1490, Entry 01 Pronounced xuan. Pronounced xuan. Pronounced yuan. Pronounced juan. Du-juan, the name of a bird. Yu-pian records it as written as zhen-juan. Yan Shigu says: Ti, also known as mai, also known as zi-gui, also known as du-juan. Li Shizhen says: The du-juan originates from the Shu region (modern-day Sichuan area). It resembles a sparrowhawk in appearance, with dark black plumage, a red beak, and a small crest on its head. It begins calling at the end of spring, crying through the night until dawn; it always faces north when it calls. Its calling becomes more frequent in summer, continuing day and night. Its cry is mournful and desolate. When farmers hear its call, they begin their agricultural tasks. It feeds only on harmful insects and does not build its own nest, instead laying its eggs in the nests of other birds. Pi-ya says: The cry of the du-juan is sorrowful and bitter, to the point that it may cry until it bleeds without stopping. It is also called the aggrieved bird. It cries from night until dawn, and when its crying is pained, it hangs head-down from tree branches. Yi-wu-zhi says: The du-juan is also known as gui-zhou, and its cry sounds like it is saying xie-bao. Huan-yu-ji records: The King of Shu, Du Yu, held the title of Wang Di. He appointed Bie Ling as his prime minister, later abdicated the throne, departed, and transformed into a zi-gui bird. Hua-yang-guo-zhi records: When Du Yu was emperor, he encountered a great flood. His prime minister, Kai Ming, carved through Yulei Mountain to eliminate the flooding. Wang Di then entrusted government affairs to him and retired to the Western Mountains. This occurred exactly during the second month when the zi-gui bird calls, which is why the people of Shu feel sorrow and miss Wang Di upon hearing its cry. There is also a type of flower called du-juan. Hua-mu-kao notes: This flower is also known as mountain pomegranate, mountain azalea, and mountain-reflecting red. For other relevant explanations, please refer to the notes for the characters jue, ti, and wan. The original carved edition of the character gui was written with the components for bird and jiong. It is sometimes written as the character juan. The original carved edition of the character was written with the components for jiao and bird. Textual research: The Yu-pian recorded it as pan-juan. We have cautiously corrected this to zhen-juan based on the original text.