Xu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Metal (jīn) 鑑 Kangxi strokes: 22 Page 1325, Entry 10 Pronounced jian. Shuowen Jiezi (Shuowen): A large basin. Also, according to Shuowen Jiezi: A vessel used to collect water from the moon. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Office of Autumn, Supervisor of Mirrors: Used to collect water from the moon. Commentary: A device similar to a mirror. Those used for collecting water are commonly called fangzhu. Also, according to Guangyun: A mirror. Zuo Tradition (Zuozhuan), 21st Year of Duke Zhuang: The King bestowed upon her a belt and a mirror. Commentary: Pronounced jian, a mirror. Wenzi, Symbolism Chapter: When people point out one's faults, one feels resentment; when one sees one's ugliness in a mirror, one attempts self-improvement, because the mirror has no ego. Also, according to Guangyun: To illuminate or reflect. Zuo Tradition, 28th Year of Duke Zhao: Light can illuminate. Discourses of the States (Guoyu), Discourses of Wu: Why does the King not use people as a mirror instead of using water as a mirror? Also, according to Guangyun: A warning. Orthography Mastery (Zhengzitong): Examining the success or failure of ancient and modern times to serve as a guide or warning is called jian. This is because a mirror can reflect objects and draw meaning. Book of Tang (Tangshu), Biography of Zhang Jiuling: On the Zongqianqiu Festival, Jiuling recounted the origins of previous successes and failures, writing a book in five volumes called Record of the Thousand Autumns Golden Mirror (Qianqiu Jinjian Lu) to provide remonstrance. History of Song (Songshi), Biography of Sima Guang: Guang compiled a chronological history titled Comprehensive Mirror for Aid in Government (Zizhi Tongjian). Also, according to Yunhui: Often used interchangeably with jian. Book of Documents (Shujing), Oath of Tai: Their warnings are not far off, look at the King of Xia. Also, in the Announcement about Wine (Jiugao): One should not look to water as a mirror, but should look to the people as a mirror. Also, jianmei means a light slumber. Edict of Emperor Wu of Qi: Always considering the suffering of the people, never forgetting it even in light slumber. Edict of Emperor Wu of Liang: Thinking of these words with vigilance at night, never forgetting them even in light slumber. Also, according to Guangyun and Zhengyun: Pronounced jian, and according to Jiyun: Pronounced jian, and according to Yunhui: Pronounced jian (level tone). The meaning is the same. Also, according to Jiyun: Pronounced jian. A pottery vessel, similar to a narrow-mouthed jar, used to store ice. Orthography Mastery (Zhengzitong): An ice basin, a vessel for holding ice. Its upper body is like a ladle, with sparse ribs. The bottom is carved like a window to allow airflow, supported by a large tray. Food is placed on top and ice in the tray, allowing the cold air to penetrate and ward off the heat. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Office of Heaven, Official of Ice: At the beginning of spring, prepare the ice basins. Commentary: An ice basin, similar to a narrow-mouthed jar, used to hold ice. Food is placed inside to protect it from warm air; one begins preparing them in spring. Sub-commentary: In the Han Dynasty, it was called a zhui, which is today's jar. Explanation of Texts (Shiwen): Pronounced jian. Originally written as jian. Also: For sacrifices, provide ice basins. Also, according to Jiyun: Pronounced jian. The same as the previous character. Erudite Observations (Boya): A vessel used for wine. Also, according to Yunbu: Rhymes with jian (pronunciation jian). Zhang Heng, Seven Arguments: Her gentle nature is graceful, her appearance is beautiful and alluring. Her black hair is gathered in tufts like horns, so bright that one can see their reflection in it. Correction: In the reference to the Oath of Tai, the original text erroneously cited the Prince Shi chapter; it has been corrected to the Announcement about Wine.