Zi Collection, Page Position: Lower Radical: Again (yòu) Kangxi stroke count: 4 Page 165, Entry 19 According to the Tang Dynasty Dictionary (Tangyun) and the Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun) and the Rhyme Compendium (Yunhui), the pronunciation is fan (third tone). It is pronounced the same as return. According to the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it is defined as to cover. The character structure is composed of again and cliff. The Book of Odes (Shijing) contains the phrase, Good fortune and blessings come repeatedly. The commentary states: It means the arrival of good fortune and blessings is continuous and repeated without end. Also, the Book of Han (Qian Hanshu) contains the phrase, The envoy returned five times. The commentary by Yan Shigu states: Return means to go back or turn around. Also, according to the Tang Dynasty Dictionary (Tangyun), the Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun), and the Rhyme Compendium (Yunhui), the pronunciation is fan (first tone), same as banner. The Broad Rhymes (Guangyun) mentions, To settle a legal case and clear one's name. The Rhyme Compendium (Yunhui) explains this as clearing a case when presiding over prisoners, meaning to allow those who were wronged to obtain a new life. The Augmented Rhymes (Zengyun) defines it as correcting hidden injustices. The Book of Han (Qian Hanshu) records: Du Zhou governed them, and few cases were overturned. The commentary notes: Here, this character is pronounced as fan (first tone). Also, used as a loan character for flip. The Book of Han (Qian Hanshu) contains, To overturn water and drink. Also, according to the Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun) and the Rhyme Compendium (Yunhui), it is pronounced fan (third tone), same as the rising tone of flip. The Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun) defines this as difficult. The Book of Odes (Shijing) contains the phrase, Dignified deportment appears refined. Shen Chong read it this way. Also, according to the Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun), it is pronounced fan (fourth tone), same as peddle. It means difficult. The Book of Odes (Shijing) contains the phrase, Dignified deportment appears refined. Mao Heng explains it this way. Another interpretation is that it describes a respectful and familiar manner. Also, according to the Correct Rhymes (Zhengyun), peddle is also written as this character. The Xunzi contains, To accumulate traded goods and act as a merchant. Also, according to the Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun), it is pronounced wan (third tone), same as birth. It means to cover.