You Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Speech (yán) 谛 Kangxi stroke count: 16 Page 1170, Entry 08 Pronounced dì (falling tone). Shuowen Jiezi (Shuowen) defines this as to examine or to scrutinize. Commentary by Kong on the Great Plan (Hongfan) section of the Book of Documents (Shangshu) states: Must be subtle and scrutinizing. The sub-commentary notes: To listen and distinguish between right and wrong, one must be subtle and scrutinizing. History of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu), Treatise on Sacrifices: The term for the Great Sacrifice (di) is synonymous with scrutinize (di). It signifies the principle of honoring the order of generations. Biography of Li Yun in the History of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu): An emperor (di) is one who scrutinizes (di). The annotation states: One who scrutinizes the nature of things. Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi), Annals of Emperor Ming of Wei: You must observe this carefully and do not make a mistake. Guan Yinzi, Nine Medicines Chapter: He who scrutinizes the minute details fails to see the greatness of heaven and earth. Liu Xie, New Discourses (Xinlun), Chapter on Specialized Learning: If the mind is not engaged in learning but is forced to recite, even if the sounds enter the ear, they are not scrutinized by the heart. Also, the Four Noble Truths. Book of Wei, Treatise on Buddhism and Taoism: Initially, people followed the Lesser Vehicle (Hinayana) and practiced the law of the Four Noble Truths. Buddhist Scriptures, Heart Sutra: The Four Noble Truths are suffering, accumulation, cessation, and the path. Suffering refers to birth, old age, sickness, and death; accumulation refers to the gathering of flesh, blood, and wealth; cessation refers to destruction; and the path refers to the practice of cultivation. Also, the Two Truths: Worldly Truth (shidi) manifests the phenomena of dependent origination through worldly conventions, where all phenomena are clearly distinct; it encourages ministers and children to practice loyalty and filial piety, and encourages the home and state to govern through harmony; this relies on Worldly Truth. Absolute Truth (zhendi) reveals the principle of original stillness, where the single nature is extinguished, right and wrong are both negated, and both subject and object disappear; this relies on Absolute Truth. Also found in the Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun) as written in a variant form (shi), refer to the annotations for both characters for further details. Also found in the Collection of Rhymes (Jiyun) as pronounced tí (rising tone), meaning to wail. This is synonymous with the characters for wailing (tí) and (tì). Also commonly written as wail (tí). Xunzi, Ritual Treatise: To weep, cry out, and wail. The annotation notes: The characters for wailing are used interchangeably.