Xu Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Metal (jīn) Zhong Kangxi Stroke Count: 17 Page 1316, Entry 05 Pronounced zhong. According to the Explaining and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it is a vessel for wine. From the Kong Congzi, Section on Confucian Dress: For the kings of Yao and Shun, there were a thousand zhong, and for Confucius, one hundred gu. According to the Correct Meaning of Characters (Zhengzitong), it is a type of hu (vessel). The bronze zhong of the Han dynasty high officials are these very vessels. Commonly referred to as a wine cup. According to the Book of Jin (Jinshu), Biography of Cui Hong: Hong was frugal by nature and kept his distance from pearls and jade. When the Prince of Runan, Liang, used a glass zhong to serve wine, Hong refused to hold it. Also, according to the Jade Chapters (Yupian), it means to gather. According to the Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan), 21st year of Duke Zhao: The Son of Heaven examines the winds to create music, using instruments to gather them. The commentary notes: Zhong means to gather. One uses instruments to gather sounds. Also, 28th year: Heaven gathers beauty in this person. According to the Book of Jin (Jinshu), Biography of Wang Rong: If that is the case, then where the emotions are gathered is precisely in our generation. Also, according to the Correct Meaning of Characters (Zhengzitong), what is bestowed by Heaven is also called zhong. Cao Zhi poem: Walking through danger and treading upon obstacles, I do not know where my fate is gathered. Bao Zhao poem: Coming and going, what is the path today, I do not know where my life is gathered. Also, according to the Guangyun, it means to be fitting. Also, it means heavy. According to the Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Winter Official, Artificer's Record: The Zhong family dyes feathers. The commentary notes: Zhong means heavy. Dyeing requires the color to be deep and heavy, as feathers are used to decorate the empress's carriage and flags. Also, a measure of capacity. According to the Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan), 29th year of Duke Xiang: Provided the people of the state with millet, one zhong per household. The commentary notes: Six hu and four dou is called a zhong. According to the History of the Former Han (Qianhanshu), Treatise on Food and Money: To purchase one thousand zhong of grain. Also, according to the Small Erya: Two fou is called a zhong. The commentary notes: Eight hu. Also, according to the Huainanzi, Chapter on Essential Summaries: In one morning, using three thousand zhong of gan (a type of container). The commentary notes: Zhong equals ten hu. Also, a place name. According to the Spring and Autumn Annals (Chunqiu), 14th year of Duke Cheng: Met with Wu at Zhongli. The commentary notes: Zhongli was a Chu state city in Huainan County. According to the Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan), 6th year of Duke Zhao: The people of Wu defeated their army at Fangzhong. The commentary notes: Fangzhong was a place in Wu. According to the Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Table of the Princes and Marquises: Marquis of Qianzhong, Liu Yao. Also, a county name. According to the History of the Former Han (Qianhanshu), Treatise on Geography: Jiangxia Commandery, Zhongwu County. Also, a state name. According to the Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan), 27th year of Duke Zhao: Prince Zhuyong of Wu fled to Zhongwu. The commentary notes: Zhongwu was a small state. Also, an official title. According to the History of the Former Han (Qianhanshu), Table of Officials: Among the subordinate officials of the Directorate of Waterways, there was a Prefect and Assistant of the Zhongguan. The commentary notes: Zhongguan was the office in charge of minting currency. According to the History of the Later Han (Houhanshu), Biography of Wei Xiao: Implicated for possessing copper and charcoal, he was consigned to the Zhongguan. Also, a surname. According to the Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan), 4th year of Duke Ding: Zhong Jian bore the burden for Ji Qi. The commentary notes: Zhong Jian was an official of Chu. Also, Zhongli, a compound surname. According to the Five Sounds Collection of Rhymes (Wuyin Jiyun), the Genealogies (Shiben) state: Shared the same ancestor as the Qin, and later took the fief as a surname. Also, the name of a zither. According to the History of the Former Han (Qianhanshu), Biography of Wang Bao: Although Bo Ya played the di zhong. The commentary notes: Chen Zan says: The Nine Sighs of the Songs of Chu (Chuci) says: Playing Bo Ya's Haozhong. Haozhong is the name of a zither. The Rhapsody on the Long Flute by Ma Rong says: Haozhong has a high tone. Since Bo Ya was good at playing the zither, I have not heard it said that he could strike a bell. Jin Zhuo says: The character di refers to the di of sending; there were twenty-four bells, each with its own rhythm, and striking them was not constant, hence it is called di. Shigu says: Zither name is correct. Since the character is written as di, it is different from the Songs of Chu (Chuci), so it should not be read as hao, and one should follow the Jin pronunciation. Also, long zhong (a state of instability or old age). Name of a bamboo. Produced on Mount Luofu. Han Yu poem: Dongye did not get an official post, white-haired and boasting of being long zhong. According to the Record of Vermilion Lead (Danyanlu): Long zhong refers to something resembling bamboo swaying and unable to hold itself up. Du Bi, in a declaration for Hou Jing against Liang: Long zhong, a young child. According to the Su Family Expanded Meanings (Sushi Yanyi): Long zhong refers to not being upright or lifted, like something loose and dragging. According to the Xunzi, Chapter on Discussing Warfare: Long zhong and retreated. The commentary notes: Appearance of having lost something, like things scattered on a ridge. According to the Correct Meaning of Characters (Zhengzitong): Long zhong is a phonetic shift of the two characters long zhong. Sometimes written as long zhong (variant). Lu Tong poem: Written as long zhong (variant). Also, the appearance of shedding tears. According to the Zither Manual (Qincao), Song of Withdrawing Resentment: Empty mountains sighing, tears long zhong. Also, interchangeable with the character for bell (zhong). According to the Correct Meaning of Characters (Zhengzitong): In the Explaining and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), zhong is a wine vessel, radical metal, with zhong as the phonetic component, pronounced zhong. The bell (zhong) is a musical instrument, the sound of the autumn equinox, when things are complete, with the sound of a child, pronounced zhong. They were divided into two. The Han records use huangzhong. The Rites of Zhou (Zhouli) uses the character for zhong (the vessel). The Book of Odes (Shijing) mentions bell-drums, also written as the vessel character. In antiquity, the two characters were interchangeable. Also, pronounced zhong. According to the Collection of Character Forms (Zilin): A wine vessel. Also, a musical instrument. Also, in the Rhyme Supplement (Yunbu), rhyming with zhang. Praise for the Later Han Emperor Zhaolie: The Emperor left behind a foundation, extending to these eight directions. Separately from Zhongshan, the spiritual essence is thus gathered (zhong).