Shen Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Insect (chóng) 蛹 Kangxi strokes: 13 Page 1083, Entry 25 Pronounced yǒng. The silkworm transforms into a pupa, and the pupa transforms into a moth. Shuowen Jiezi (Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters): A cocoon insect. Erya (Approaching Elegance), Commentary on Insects: Gui is a pupa. Commentary: A silkworm pupa. Sub-commentary: That which is transformed from the silkworm. One name is gui, another name is pupa. Xunzi (Xunzi), Rhapsody Chapter: The pupa acts as the mother. Cai Yong, Rhapsody on Short People: The pupa within the cocoon, the silkworm wriggles. Han Yu, Poetry: Slender as if pulling a single pupa. Also, earth pupa. Guangya (Expanded Elegance): Earth pupa is the xiang insect. Textual research: In Erya, Commentary on Insects, Commentary: A silkworm pupa. Sub-commentary: That which is transformed from the silkworm. The original text two characters for silkworm have been revised. In Xunzi, Rhapsody Chapter: The original text omits the character for theory. In Cai Yong, Rhapsody on Short People: The pupa within the cocoon, the silkworm wriggles. The character for wriggle in the original text has been supplemented.