You Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Speech (yán) Xuan; Kangxi strokes: 16; Page 1172, Entry 01 Pronounced xuan. According to the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it means to deceive. According to the Extended Rhymes (Guangyun), it means to cheat. Commentary on the Spring and Autumn Annals (Gongyang Zhuan), third year of Duke Wen: This refers to the campaign against the State of Chu; asking why it was stated as a rescue of the State of Jiang, it was to deceive. History of the Former Han (Qianhan Shu), biography of Xifu Gong: To fabricate deceitful stratagems out of thin air. Also, according to the Er Ya, Explanation of Teachings (Erya Shikun), it means to forget. Book of Odes (Shijing), Odes of Wei: Forever unable to forget. The Great Learning (Daxue) cites the Book of Odes using the variant form xuan. Also the name of a plant. Book of Odes (Shijing), Odes of Wei: Where can I find the xuan herb to plant it at the northern hall? The Commentary states: The xuan herb is also known as the tree of joy; consuming it allows one to forget sorrows. Explanation of Texts (Shiwen): Xuan was originally also written as xuan. According to the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it is written as xuan. It is also written as xuan, or as xuan. Xie Huilian, Poem on Encountering Wind at Xiling: What shall be done without the xuan herb? The Annotation notes: The xuan herb allows one to forget sorrows. Xuan and xuan are used interchangeably. Pronounced xuan (rising tone). The meaning is the same.