Chen Collection, Middle Volume
Radical: Tree (mù)
Page 552, Entry 16
Broad Rimes (Guangyun), Collected Rimes (Jiyun), Rimes Collection (Yunhui), Correct Rimes (Zhengyun): Pronounced nao (falling tone).
Shuowen Jiezi (Shuowen): Curved wood.
Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Winter Officials, Artificers Record (Kaogongji): The chariot maker must ensure the shaft is straight and without curvature.
Also refers to distortion. Book of Rites (Liji), Monthly Ordinances (Yueling): Order officials to strictly execute all laws and avoid distortion.
Also refers to weakness. Book of Changes (Yijing), The Great Excess (Daguo): The ridgepole is curved, which is ominous.
Book of Han (Hanshu), Annals of Emperor Gao (Gaodi Ji): Planned with Li Yiji to weaken the forces of Chu.
Also refers to dispersing. Book of Changes (Yijing), Explanation of the Trigrams (Shuogua Zhuan): Nothing is more swift in dispersing all things than the wind.
Also refers to being defeated. Zuo Commentary (Zuo Zhuan), Second Year of Duke Cheng: Fearing the majesty of the ruler, the army was defeated.
Also refers to layered curves, an ornamentation of houses. Huainanzi, Original Nature (Benjing Xun): Curving and overlapping.
Also refers to soft flexibility, a supple body. Sima Xiangru, Rhapsody on the Shanglin Park (Shanglin Fu): The body is soft, light, and charmingly delicate.
Yangzi, Dialects (Fangyan): From the pass westward, anything small in size is called xianrao.
Collected Rimes (Jiyun), Rimes Collection (Yunhui), Correct Rimes (Zhengyun): Pronounced nao (rising tone). Disorder.
Collected Rimes (Jiyun): Pronounced nao (rising tone). Also, curved wood.
Tang Rimes (Tangyun), Collected Rimes (Jiyun), Rimes Collection (Yunhui): Pronounced rao (level tone). A boat oar.
Erudite Elegance (Boya): An oar is called rao.
Book of Later Han (Hou Hanshu), Biography of Cen Peng: Advanced directly with towerships, assault boats, and several thousand vessels with exposed oars. Commentary: Exposed oars means the oars are exposed outside, while the people are inside the boat.
Collected Rimes (Jiyun): Pronounced nao (level tone). Curved.
Textual Research: Rites of Zhou, Winter Officials, Artificers Record: Its overturned carriage, the shaft is straight and without curvature. Note: The citation provided is not the original text. It has been corrected according to the original text: The wheelwright and carriage maker ensure the shaft is straight and without curvature.
