Si Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Cow (niú) Kangxi Strokes: 11 Page 701, Entry 02 Ancient form written as kēng. Pronounced qiān. Shuowen Jiezi (Explanation of Simple and Compound Characters): To pull forward. The shape of the character is derived from a cow, resembling the reins used to lead a cow. I Ching (Book of Changes), Gua of Guai: Leading a sheep, the regret will vanish. Book of Documents (Shangshu), Jiu Gao: Commencing to pull the carts and oxen. Book of Rites (Liji), Quli: One who presents a horse or a sheep holds it by the right hand. One who presents a dog holds it by the left hand. Also, Zhou Rites (Zhouli), Offices of Heaven, Xiaozai: In charge of the sacrificial animals, grain, food, drink, and evening meals for guests as well as live livestock. Commentary: Sun refers to the evening meal. Qian refers to live livestock that can be led. Zuo Tradition (Zuozhuan), Year 33 of Duke Xi: It is just that the dried meat, grain, and live livestock are all exhausted. Commentary: Qian refers to cows, sheep, and pigs. Also, Yupian: To pull or drag. Zuo Tradition (Zuozhuan), Year 10 of Duke Xiang: Dragging me, this old man, to such a state. Also, Yupian: To implicate or involve. I Ching (Book of Changes), Xiao Chu: Nine in the second place, being pulled into returning to the original position, is auspicious. Commentary: Qian refers to implication or entanglement. Also, Yupian: To urge or coerce. Book of Rites (Liji), Xueji: The education of a gentleman lies in inspiration and guidance, guiding without coercion. Commentary: Qian refers to forcing a person. If they do not understand, one should not be overly impatient or force them to grasp it immediately. Also, Guanzi, Fafa: Orders being issued but failing to be executed is called restraint. Also, to be pedantic or limited. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Tables of the Six States: Scholars are limited by their own knowledge and experience. Also, Qianniu, the name of a constellation. Book of Rites (Liji), Yueling: In the early morning, the Qianniu constellation is in the southern meridian. Also, a place name. Spring and Autumn Annals (Chunqiu), Year 14 of Duke Ding: Duke Ding of Lu met with Duke Jing of Qi and Duke Ling of Wei at Qian. Commentary: There is a Qian City northeast of Liyang County in Weijun. Also, a person's name. Zuo Tradition (Zuozhuan), Year 17 of Duke Cheng: Bao Qian saw him. Also, a surname. History of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu), Biography of Huangfu Gui: It truly relied on the integrity and severity of Qian Hao, the Inspector of Yanzhou. Also, pronounced qiàn. Guangyun: To pull or drag. Also, Zengyun: The rope used for towing boats, also known as a baizhangqian (hundred-foot towline). Also, rhyming with the pronunciation of xiāngjūn. Jijiuzhang (Quick Reference Chapters): Thieves and prisoners are whipped on the buttocks, their accomplices' schemes are exposed and they implicate one another, committing fraud and false accusations to interrogate the case and reveal the truth. Yunhui: Also written as qiān.