Mao Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Heart (xīn) Kangxi Strokes: 5 Page 375, Entry 02 Pronounced bi. Shuowen Jiezi (Explanation of Graphs and Analysis of Characters): To divide to the limit. Composed of the element eight and the element arrow, with arrow also providing the phonetic. Commentary by Zhao Huanguang: The arrow represents a marker; dividing to the limit represents a boundary, which is why it is composed of eight and arrow. Also, a particle expressing a definite tone. Book of Odes (Shijing), Qi Odes: When taking a wife, what must be done is to report to one's parents. Also, single-mindedness. Yang Xiong, Taixuanjing (Canon of Supreme Mystery): Red stone cannot change its color, and an upright scholar cannot change his single-mindedness. Annotation: Stone cannot change its hardness, and cinnabar cannot change its red color; this is just like the unchangeable single-mindedness of an upright scholar. Also, stubbornly expecting. Analects (Lunyu): Confucius completely eliminated four faults: he did not make arbitrary guesses, and he was not stubborn in his opinions. Also, certainly. Book of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu), Biography of Liu Tao: Those with whom one associates must be people of like mind. Also, decisive. Book of the Later Han (Hou Hanshu), Eulogy to Emperor Xuan: In governing the state, Emperor Xuan would certainly reward those who deserved rewards and certainly punish those who deserved punishment. Also, Biyu, a person's name. An assistant to the Suiren clan. Records of the Various Assistants (Qunfu Lu): Biyu was in charge of taxes and customs. Annotation: Responsible for taxes, corvee labor, and measures that should be implemented. Also, Zihuibu (Supplement to the Collection of Characters): Chibabi, a mountain name. A mountain where the source of the Yellow River emerges. Recorded in the writings of the monk Zongle. Also, Gujin Zikao (Examination of Ancient and Modern Characters): Pronounced bi. A silk ribbon. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Winter Officials, Artificers' Record: In the work of the jade artisan, the jade gui of the Son of Heaven is tied at the center with a silk ribbon. Annotation: This refers to tying it in the center of the jade gui to prevent it from being lost. According to the commentary on the Rites of Zhou, Artificers' Record, the character bi itself refers to a silk ribbon and is pronounced bi, which is the common way of reading it. The bow-straightener is made of leather; the Zheng'e (Correction of Errors) attempts to use this to refute the Shuowen Jiezi, which is too pedantic; one should take the Shuowen Jiezi as the standard. Note: The character bi does not belong to the heart radical. The Zihui (Collection of Characters) classified it under the heart radical. The Zhengzitong (Proper Character Guide) followed this practice merely for the sake of its visual similarity to facilitate searching.