Chou Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Mouth (kǒu) Kangxi stroke count: 11 Page 194, Entry 19 Pronounced chao. Shuowen Jiezi (Shuowen) defines this as chirping or noisy talk. Additionally, Yupian (Dictionary of Jade) defines the term zhaozha as the sound of birds chirping. Refer to the detailed note under the entry for zha. Additionally, Jiyun (Collection of Rhymes) notes it is interchangeable with the word for mockery or teasing. In the Biography of Dongfang Shuo within the History of the Former Han (Hanshu), it states: "He was in the company of Mei Gao and Guo Sheren, merely engaging in witty banter." The commentator Yan Shigu remarks: "This word is synonymous with banter and is pronounced zhuo." Additionally, Jiyun (Collection of Rhymes) states it is pronounced dao. The term jiaozhao refers to excessive talking. Additionally, Guangyun (Broad Rhymes) and Jiyun (Collection of Rhymes) state it is pronounced zhou. Guangyun (Broad Rhymes) defines zhaozhao as the sound of birds. Book of Rites (Liji), in the chapter Three Years' Mourning: "Even swallows and sparrows have a moment of chirping before they are able to fly away." Additionally, Jiyun (Collection of Rhymes) states it is pronounced zou. Zhaozhao describes the sound of birds. Additionally, Jiyun (Collection of Rhymes) and Leipian (Classified Chapters) state it is pronounced tiao. It means to be noisy. Additionally, Jiyun (Collection of Rhymes) states it is pronounced tiao. The meaning is the same as above. Commonly written as the variant form tiao.