Mao Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Axe (jīn) Zhan Kangxi strokes: 11 Page 479, Entry 18 Tang Dynasty Rhyme (Tangyun) and Corrected Rhymes (Zhengyun) state the pronunciation is ce jian; Collected Rhymes (Jiyun) and Rhyme Compendium (Yunhui) state the pronunciation is zu jian. Pronounced zhan. Explaining Characters and Phrases (Shuowen): To cut off. Composed of the radicals for carriage and axe. It refers to the arrangement of punishment carriages. Broad Refinement (Boya): To prune or cut. Explanation of Text (Shiwen): Zhan is zhan (temporary). Briefly applying a weapon results in cutting. Approaching Elegance (Erya): Explaining Glosses: Zhan means to kill. Book of Odes (Shijing), Lesser Odes (Xiaoya): To cut down the four states. Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), Autumn Official (Qiuguan), Master of Executions (Zhanglu): Responsible for beheading, killing, and apprehending thieves and spies. Also, in the poems of Du Fu: The brand new flower stamens have yet to fly. Commentary: Zen Buddhism uses the expression brand new sun and moon. Also, Collected Rhymes (Jiyun): Pronounced zhan. To cut away or clear.