Chou Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Mouth (kǒu) Shen Kangxi strokes: 8 Page 183, Entry 13 Pronounced shen. According to the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen), it means to recite or moan. In the Book of Rites (Liji), specifically the section on Record of Learning (Xueji), it states: The teachers of today merely have the students recite their tablets. In the Erya, a dictionary of terms, it states: Dian-shi means to moan. In the Zhuangzi, it mentions: Moaning in the land of the Qiu clan. According to the Guangyun dictionary, it is the same as the variant. Also, it is pronounced xin. The meaning is the same.