Mao Collection, Middle Volume. Radical: Hand (shǒu). Kangxi strokes: 12. Page 436, Entry 19. Pronounced shou (rising tone). Shuowen Jiezi (Dictionary of Explaining Graphs): The meaning of giving. Guangyun (Expanded Rhymes): The meaning of delivering. Also, pronounced shou (falling tone). The meaning is the same. Book of Odes (Shijing), Zheng Feng section, in the poem Huan: Come back, I shall present you with fine food. Book of Rites (Liji): Men and women should not hand things directly to each other. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Biography of the Marquis of Liu: The Duke of Pei (Liu Bang) was likely granted (the mandate of heaven) by Heaven. History of the Former Han (Qian Hanshu), Biography of Zhai Fangjin: At the time of holding large-scale instruction. Commentary: Meaning to gather many students to conduct large-scale lecturing and teaching. Also used as a surname. During the Han dynasty, there was a person named Shou Yizhong. Sometimes also written in a variant form. During the Tang dynasty, Empress Wu Zetian changed the writing to a different form. Wu Zetian created this version of the character, considering it the correct form, while the previous version was considered an erroneous writing.