Mao Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Hand (shǒu) Kangxi Strokes: 22 Page 463, Entry 33 Pronounced she (falling tone). In the Discussion of Script (Shuowen), it means to pull or hold. In the Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan), sixteenth year of Duke Cheng: Please hold the drink for him. In the Discourses of Lu (Luyu): It makes the good reputation of the past shine for later generations, allowing elders to supervise the world, thus capable of holding firmly and remaining diligent for a long time. In the History of the Former Han (Qianhan), biography of Zhang Er and Chen Yu: The official once whipped Yu for a transgression; Yu wished to rise, but Er held him down to receive the whipping. Also means to gather or collect. In the Book of Odes (Shijing), Greater Odes (Daya): Friends are gathered and supported by dignity and decorum. In the commentary: To gather and assist one another through matters of dignity and decorum. In the Zhuangzi, section on Breaking Open Trunks: Tighten the ropes and seals, secure the locks and bolts. In the commentary: To tighten, similar to tying. Also means to tidy or organize. In the Book of Etiquette and Ceremonial (Yili), section on the Capping of a Gentleman: Perform the second libation, then tidy the wine. In the commentary: To stir, add more, and tidy up to show a new state. In the Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), biography of Jing Ke: I previously stared him down. In the commentary: To stare with anger so as to restrain and organize him. Also means to aggregate, to hold concurrently, or to substitute. In the Book of Rites (Liji), section on the Record of Mourning: A gentleman does not substitute for a high official. In the commentary: In the mourning of a gentleman, there is no master; one dares not ask a high official to hold the position of master concurrently. In the Master Zeng Questions (Zengzi wen): High officials and gentlemen follow the substitute lord, facing north at the south of the western steps. In the commentary: The substitute lord is the high minister, acting on behalf of the ruler to oversee national governance. In the Zuo Commentary (Zuozhuan), second year of Duke Cheng: To hold a government office while filling a vacancy. Also means to borrow. In the Book of Rites (Liji), section on Tan Gong: At the funeral of Bogao, Ranyou borrowed bundles of silk and a team of horses to conduct it. In the commentary: To substitute is like to borrow. Also means to record, to pursue, or to capture. Also means to subdue or overawe. In the History of the Former Han (Qianhan), biography of Huo Qubing: Those who are subdued and fearful are not taken. In the commentary: This refers to those who are shaken and lose their composure, who are then pardoned. Also a name for a turtle. In the Erya, chapter on Explaining Fish: The third is called the she turtle. Pronounced nie. Also means to hold. Alternatively means to be at peace, a calm and quiet appearance. In the History of the Former Han (Qianhan), biography of Yan Zhu: The world was calm and quiet, and the people were content in their lives. Pronounced she (entering tone). Means to curve or fold. Also a name for a turtle. Pronounced qie. In the commentary to the Erya: The she turtle is a small turtle with a curved plastron that can open and close itself; in the region of the Yangtze, it is called a ling turtle. As stated by Guo Pu. Pronounced sha. The same as the character for a fan (sha). In the Discourses of Chu (Chuyu): The position of the screen and the fan. In the commentary: A screen is a room partition. The fan looks like a modern waist fan; all are used to distinguish ranks and are placed during sacrificial ceremonies.