Wu Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Spirit (shì) 禳 Kangxi strokes: 22 Page 847, Entry 29 Pronounced rang. As defined in the Analytical Dictionary of Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), it refers to the sacrificial act of casting out and eliminating pestilence and calamity. Xu states that the term rang signifies the act of driving away. According to the Commentary on the Female Invocation officials in the Heavenly Officials section of the Rites of Zhou (Zhouli), to ward off abnormal phenomena is called rang.