Chen Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Tree (mù) 橋 Kangxi stroke count: 16 Page 553, Entry 01 Pronounced qiáo. According to the Explaining and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen Jiezi), a beam over water. Derived from wood, with qiáo as the phonetic element. Qiáo means high and curved. The word for bridge implies a rising or elevated state. Records of the Grand Historian (Shiji), Annals of Qin: In the fiftieth year of King Zhao, a bridge was built over the river for the first time. Also, a bridge made by suspending ropes for crossing is called a gēng qiáo. Commentary on the Water Classic (Shuijing Zhu): In the region of Jibin, suspended bridges are used for crossing. Also, the crossbeam of an object is called a bridge. Book of Etiquette and Ceremonial (Yili), Rites for a Scholar's Wedding: The bamboo basket is placed on the bridge. Commentary: The bridge is used to support the basket. Also, the upper horizontal bar of a well-sweep. Huainanzi, Teachings on Ruler's Techniques: The bridge stands straight and unmoving, allowing the sweep to move up and down. Also, qiáo xiè means arrogant or negligent. Xunzi, Chapter on Glory and Disgrace: Those who are arrogant and negligent are a disaster to others. Also, perverse or contrary. Master Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals (Lüshi Chunqiu), Chapter on Disputed Terms: To listen to words and not be able to understand them is no different from listening to perverse speech. Also, a type of tree. Great Commentary on the Book of Documents (Shangshu Dazhuan): The qiáo tree grows high and faces upward, whereas the zǐ tree grows and faces downward; this is used as a metaphor for father and son. Also, Yángqiáo. Spring and Autumn Annals (Chunqiu): A place in the state of Lu. Also, a surname. Genealogies (Tǒngpǔ): The Yellow Emperor was buried at Mount Qiáo; his descendants remained to guard the tomb and took this as their surname. Records of the Grand Historian, Biographies of the Money-makers: Qiáo Yáo acquired one thousand horses and double that number in cattle. Also, pronounced qiāo. Records of the Grand Historian, Treatise on Rivers and Canals: Traveling through mountains on a mountain bridge. Commentary: Qiáo is written as a variant form, referring to a straight-shafted cart. Also, pronounced gāo. A strong and swift appearance. Zhuangzi, Outer Chapters, Ze Yang: When desires, aversions, removals, and receptions are present, then it rises forcefully. Also, pronounced jiào. Book of Rites (Liji), Summary of the Rules of Propriety: Holding the mat like a bridge balance. Commentary: The left is low and the right is high, like the beam of a bridge. Also, qū qiáo, an appearance of strength and vigor. Yang Xiong, Rhapsody on the Hedong: A thousand chariots thunder in chaos, ten thousand cavalrymen are strong and vigorous. Lively and vibrant, the heavens and earth are crowded. Also, pronounced jiào. Same meaning as above. Also, pronounced jiǎo. Xunzi, Chapter on the Efficacy of the Confucians: To falsely ornament one's feelings and nature. Book of Han (Hanshu), Annals of Emperor Wu: Chen Tang falsely issued orders to deploy troops and behead Zhizhi. Also, pronounced jiǎo. Used in names. During the Qin dynasty, there was someone named Sheng Qiáo. Textual Research: Book of Etiquette and Ceremonial, Rites for a Scholar's Wedding: The hairpin is placed on the bridge. Commentary: The bridge is used to support the hairpin. Carefully corrected the two instances of hairpin based on the original text to bamboo basket.