Mao Collection, Middle Volume Radical: Hand (shǒu) Kangxi strokes: 18 Page 460, Entry 06 Supplement to the Compendium of Characters (Zihui bu) Pronounced ning. Qiangning means disorder. According to the commentary on the national institutions in the Book of Han (Hanshu), regarding the term qiangrang: rang is pronounced qiang. Rang is equivalent to cangning. Now, modifying rang to become ning is incorrect.