Chou Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Mouth (kǒu) Character: Mang Kangxi strokes: 6 Page 174, Entry 16 Broad Rime (Guangyun): Pronounced mang. Collected Rimes (Jiyun): Pronounced mang. General Book (Yupian): To ask someone a question and have them refuse to answer is called mang. Broad Rime (Guangyun): To not know. Master Yang's Dialects (Fangyan): In the regions of the Yuan and Li rivers, when one directs a person to perform a task and they do not respond, it is called mang. Note: This usage is currently found in the languages of the Central Plains. Broad Rime (Guangyun) and Collected Rimes (Jiyun): Pronounced mang (falling tone). Broad Rime (Guangyun): Refers to the elderly being senile and unaware of matters. Editorial note: According to various rhyme books, the character mang only possesses level and falling tones. The addition of a rising tone reading in the Corrected Character Mastery (Zhengzitong) is erroneous. Textual research: Master Yang's Dialects (Fangyan) states that in the regions of the Yuan and Li rivers, when one directs a person to perform a task and they do not respond, it is called mang. Currently, this usage is found in the languages of the Central Plains. Note: I have followed the original text by adding the word note before the word now.