Si Collection, Upper Volume Radical: Water (shuǐ) 湎 Kangxi Strokes: 13 Page 636, Entry 26 Tang Rhymes (Tangyun), Collection Rhymes (Jiyun), and Dictionary of Rhymes (Yunhui) define it as pronounced mian (falling tone). According to the Explaining Graphs and Analyzing Characters (Shuowen), it refers to being submerged in alcohol. Book of Odes (Shijing), Greater Odes (Daya): Heaven does not submerge you in wine. Commentary (Jian) states that drinking wine until the face changes color is called mian. Han Poetry Outer Biography (Han Shi Waizhuan) states that drinking wine while closing the door and refusing to see guests is called mian. Furthermore, to be drowned and not return is also called mian. Book of Rites (Liji), Record of Music (Yueji): Flowing and drowning, forgetting the root. Also, mian-mian denotes flowing and shifting. Book of Han (Qianhan), Introductory Biography (Xuzhuan): Customs shift and people transform, flowing and shifting, scattered and chaotic. It is also interchangeably used with mian. Book of Han (Qianhan), Treatise on Rites and Music (Liyuezhi): Immersed and submerged, acting as if nothing is amiss. According to Collection Rhymes (Jiyun), it is sometimes written in a variant form.