Xu Collection, Lower Volume Radical: Food (shí) Kangxi Strokes: 19 Page 1424, Entry 01 Pronounced liu (falling tone). Jade Chapters (Yupian): To steam rice with vapor. Broad Rhymes (Guangyun): Steaming rice. Approaching Elegance (Erya), Explanations of Words: To cook grain until fully done. Commentary: When grain is cooked until done, it is called liu. Sub-commentary: Sun Yan stated: To steam it is called fen; to distribute it evenly is called liu. Guo Pu stated: Nowadays people call rice fen; when the fen is cooked until done, it is called liu. The Explaining Graphs (Shuowen) states: Fen is to steam rice once. Liu is the vapor of rice flowing. Thus, steaming rice is called fen, and the fen must be steamed through to be fully cooked, which is why it is called liu. The original form was written as the variant form. Also pronounced liu (rising tone). The meaning is the same. Textual Research: Approaching Elegance (Erya), Explanations of Words: To cook grain until fully done. Sub-commentary: Sun Yan stated, to steam it is called fen; to distribute it evenly is called liu. Guo Pu stated, nowadays people call rice fen; when the fen is cooked until done, it is called liu. In accordance with the original text, the character for kui has been corrected to fen, and the character for fan has been corrected to rice.